A importância do pensamento crítico na formação de estudantes de graduação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64492/7kffm526Palavras-chave:
competências formativas, educação superior, estudante universitário, metacognição, pensamento críticoResumo
Contexto: Estudos recentes mostram um declínio nas habilidades cognitivo-reflexivas de estudantes universitários, o qual está ligado à falta de metodologias que fomentem o pensamento crítico. Objetivo: Descrever a importância do pensamento crítico na educação universitária de graduação. Método: Este método consistiu em uma análise documental baseada em critérios de inclusão e exclusão, considerando literatura acadêmica revisada por pares, relatórios de organizações internacionais e documentos recentes publicados em bases de dados como Scopus, ERIC e Google Scholar. O procedimento incluiu análise, síntese e construção teórica. Resultados: O pensamento crítico configura-se como uma competência holística que integra habilidades cognitivas, emocionais e éticas. Identificou-se que o meta-raciocínio fortalece a autorregulação e a autonomia de aprendizagem, enquanto a construção ativa do conhecimento aprimora a argumentação e a colaboração entre os estudantes. Por sua vez, a resolução de problemas e a tomada de decisões consolidam-se como eixos práticos que permitem a aplicação da aprendizagem em situações reais, fomentando a inovação e a criatividade no ensino superior. Conclusões: Os resultados indicam que a integração sistemática do pensamento crítico na educação universitária é fundamental para a formação de profissionais reflexivos, éticos e resilientes.
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